The importance of computers and of computer software to modern cladistics is most closely linked to advances in
A) light microscopy.
B) radiometric dating.
C) fossil discovery techniques.
D) Linnaean classification.
E) molecular genetics.
Answer: E
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Biology
- When it acts upon a gene, which of the following processes consequently makes that gene an accurate molecular clock?
- Neutral theory proposes that
- The most important feature that permits a gene to act as a molecular clock is
- Paralogous genes that have lost the function of coding for any functional gene product are known as "pseudogenes." Which of these is a valid prediction regarding the fate of pseudogenes over evolutionary time?
- The reason that paralogous genes can diverge from each other within the same gene pool, whereas orthologous genes diverge only after gene pools are isolated from each other, is that
- Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of sequence homology?
- The lakes of northern Minnesota are home to many similar species of damselflies of the genus Enallagma that have apparently undergone speciation from ancestral stock since the last glacial retreat about 10,000 years ago. Sequencing which of the following would probably be most useful in sorting out evolutionary relationships among these closely related species?
- A phylogenetic tree constructed using sequence differences in mitochondrial DNA would be most valid for discerning the evolutionary relatedness of
- Which kind of DNA should provide the best molecular clock for determining the evolutionary relatedness of several species whose common ancestor became extinct billions of years ago?
- Species that are not closely related and that do not share many anatomical similarities can still be placed together on the same phylogenetic tree by comparing their
- Nucleic acid sequences that undergo few changes over the course of evolutionary time are said to be conserved. Conserved sequences of nucleic acids
- Concerning growth in genome size over evolutionary time, which of these is least associated with the others?
- A researcher wants to determine the genetic relatedness of several breeds of dog (Canis lupus familiaris). The researcher should compare homologous sequences of this type of biochemical?________which can be described as ________.
- There is some evidence that reptiles called cynodonts may have had whisker-like hairs around their mouths. If true, then what can be properly said of hair?
- Cladograms (a type of phylogenetic tree) constructed from evidence from molecular systematics are based on similarities in
- Cladograms (a type of phylogenetic tree) constructed from evidence from molecular systematics are based on similarities in
- When using a cladistic approach to systematics, which of the following is considered most important for classification?
- Which of the following is true of all horizontally oriented phylogenetic trees, where time advances to the right?
- The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed three-chambered hearts (two atria, one ventricle). Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having four-chambered hearts (two atria, two ventricles). The four-chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as
- Which mutation should least require realignment of homologous regions of a gene that is common to several related species?
- Some molecular data place the giant panda in the bear family (Ursidae) but place the lesser panda in the raccoon family (Procyonidae). Consequently, the morphological similarities of these two species are probably due to
- Which of the following pairs are the best examples of homologous structures?
- The best classification system is that which most closely
- If, someday, an archaean cell is discovered whose rRNA sequence is more similar to that of humans than the sequence of mouse rRNA is to that of humans, the best explanation for this apparent discrepancy would be
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